What is acne?
What causes acne?
The acne is a very common skin disorder that usually appears at the beginning of puberty. It is caused by inflammation of small sebaceous glands surrounding the hair on the face and chest. Primarily it appears at puberty and adolescence. For most people acne tends to disappear around age 25, but there are very sensitive people they may continue until a later age.
Hormonal changes related to menstrual period and pregnancy can contribute to the development of acne. Similarly, environmental irritants such as pollution, intense heat, humidity and cold are also determining factors.
During puberty the production of male sex hormones (androgens) in both boys and girls increases. These hormones stimulate the sebaceous glands, producing higher amounts of fat. In some people, the sebaceous glands are extremely sensitive to androgens. These people may develop a serious acne that requires medical treatment.
Because androgens, the sebaceous glands produce more sebum. Simultaneously narrowing the channel through which must leave this occurs, preventing their expulsion to the outside.
When these sebaceous glands are infected by the bacteria
normal skin (Propionibacterium acnes) that feed on suet or fat itself,
is when the appearance of small pimples, which are characteristic of
this process occurs. These bacteria remove a series of waste products which are irritating to the sebaceous glands, causing inflammation.
Can it be cured?
What are the symptoms?
Acne is not cured completely, but can be controlled. Should be avoided:
- Very humid and chemical environments
- Burst pimples
- Some medicine
- Some fatty cosmetics
We suggest reading about acne vulgaris and a visit to our ' skin '.
The first symptoms are minor: sensitive, red spots that turn into little pimples containing fatty acid decomposition. The inflammation goes away in a few days or weeks, depending on the severity of cases.
The most severe acne can leave scars that will never disappear. Acne can also cause psychological stress and problems of social integration. In such cases, it is important to establish an effective treatment.
What can make acne worse? - Working in a damp environment with oil, grease and other chemicals
- Stress or emotional stress
- Burst pimples
- The menstrual period
- Certain drugs and chemicals
- Cosmetics fatty
- Heredity.
- Wash your face twice a day with mild soap. Make sure you wash your face if you are sweaty. Do not rub the face, as they only get worse acne. However, avoid too frequent washing, because it also makes it worse.
- Avoid hairstyles in which the hair is constantly brushing his face. It should keep the hair as clean as possible, especially if fatty type.
- You should not squeeze or pop the pimples. This worsens acne and can cause scarring.
- Avoid exposure of skin to very hot, too cold or too much sunlight. The sunlight can improve acne temporarily but never cure. Avoid too much sun exposure because it can lead to suffer burns and skin cancer .
- Use moisturizers not fat. The oily creams produce blocking the pores and the appearance of pimples.
- There is no scientific evidence that certain foods may cause acne. However, if we realize that certain foods increase pimples, we should avoid or reduce the intake of them.
- Having a varied diet, and drink plenty of regular exercise. If the person is well, the skin also will be good.
- Consult a good specialist about the best way to care for the skin.
- Mild acne can be treated with this type home treatment. The duration should be between six and eight weeks to check if successful. Sometimes it takes time to control acne.
- When the treatment has not been home after six or eight weeks of treatment.
- When acne causes psychological stress.
- When pimples are large (grains) and painful.
- When acne caused scars.
- When brown or dark spots appear on sites in the shins.
Acne is not cured completely, but can be controlled. Moreover, the improvement is never instantaneous nor permanent: the skin should continue taking care to avoid relapse.
The dermatologist is who should indicate the most appropriate treatment for each person and each type of acne. No treatment should be taken on its own initiative or because "a friend have done well." A suitable product for one person may not be for others.
Treatment depends on the severity of acne. Medications can be applied directly to the skin (topical treatment) or ingested (systemic treatment). Treatment is directed toward factors that cause acne:
You can continue with home treatment described above while you are being treated by the doctor. The treatment is usually continued until the patient is 20 years.
- Increased sebum production or fat, which leads to narrowing of the pores of the sebaceous glands.
- Acne bacteria (Propionibacterium acnes).
- A treatment with azelaic acid or benzoyl generally usually sufficient. These drugs help prevent the narrowing of the pores of the sebaceous glands and reduce the growth of acne bacteria.
- In severe cases clindamycin to previous medication is added. This medicine is an antibiotic and should be used for a short period of time, to prevent the bacteria from becoming resistant to it.
- Adapalene it prescribed to people who have black spots on the skin and moderate acne inflammation. Women should only take adapalene if they are using a suitable type of contraceptive . Pregnant women should not take adapalene.
- Developing women with severe acne may benefit from treatment with contraceptives containing anti-androgens. This type of pills should not take people with liver disease.
- People with severe inflammatory acne can be treated for extended periods of time, tetracycline or erythromycin, combined with one of the above drugs. Tetracycline is not given to pregnant women, mothers who are breast-feeding or children under 12 years.
- For patients with severe cystic acne that does not improve with the above treatments can be administered isotretinoin. It is essential that women who take this treatment are not pregnant. Women must use adequate contraception during treatment and for a full month after finishing it. Isotretinoin is not suitable for people with liver or kidney problems. This medicine has several side effects, which should be administered by your doctor.
The scars caused by acne can be eliminated thus dermatological abrasion, such as a laser treatment.
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