Irregular periods or limited

What is the cause of irregular or scanty menses?

When a young girl begins to menstruate, or when a woman approaches the menopause , it is common that their rules are scarce or too spaced. This is normal, and because in both cases ovulation does not occur every month, a fact that causes hormonal imbalance in the menstrual cycle and thus the aforementioned disorders. Typically, over time (months) young woman start having regular periods or rules and that in the adult female disorders cease monthly restoring itself the absence of rules (amenorrhea) Final (menopause).

However an important group of women persist with rules too spaced, and typically have only one or two rules every six months. It is very unlikely that there is a serious underlying cause, but these women often turn to their family doctor or a gynecologist more frequently so that reassurance and explanation I offer them treatment. The gynecologist after questioning, explore and practice the appropriate tests to the patient does not rule out that there is a hormonal problem ( cysts , tumors, infections of genital location etc.) as the cause of the disorders. Dismissed this, you can ask the patient the need to begin hormone treatment to regularize the rule or if wishing to be pregnant put a treatment to stimulate ovulation.

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The most common cause of irregular periods in young women (20-30 years) is a disorder called polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a very common condition, affecting 10% of women.

In PCOS ovaries are larger than normal and have a large number of small cysts (follicles of less than one centimeter) plus a hormonal imbalance. As a result, women do not ovulate regularly and that its rules may be infrequent. The ovaries produce male hormones (testosterone, androstenedione) although in much smaller quantities that are characteristic of the testicles. In the SOP these male hormones are produced in greater quantities than usual, being responsible for the present it is common acne and male pattern hair or hirsutism (located on chin, sideburns, around the nipples and abdomen).

The diagnosis of PCOS is done doing a blood test to measure hormone levels and ultrasound transvaginal ovary.

You only need to treat this disorder when the woman is very concerned about the irregularity of its rules when having difficulty getting pregnant or when acne or hirsutism leading partner becomes an aesthetic problem. Treatment in these cases consists in making special oral contraceptives (pill) to have a hormone (progestin) which leads to frustration of male hormones causing skin abnormalities.