What is gestational diabetes?
Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy and disappears after childbirth . This disorder is more common in obese women and those with a family history of diabetes.
What causes gestational diabetes?
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates the level of glucose (sugar) in the blood.
During pregnancy increase insulin requirements, and if the pancreas is
not able to produce the needed can trigger a gestational diabetes. After delivery, insulin requirements return to normal and the diabetes disappears.
A woman who develops diabetes during pregnancy have a higher risk of later developing type 2 diabetes , as insulin production decreases with age. This risk can be greatly reduced if methods of healthy life that are taken include: diet healthy, exercise and regular physical maintenance of a normal weight.
Know more?
What are the symptoms of gestational diabetes?
See our 'section Diabetes 'and find complete information on:
- Their forms
- Complications
- Prevention.
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Of interest
See our 'section Pregnancy and Childbirth 'for more information.
In most cases gestational diabetes does not produce any symptoms and is detected in pregnancy routine tests. Rarely own any symptoms of diabetes appear.
Detection of gestational diabetes
In a pregnant woman should always be measured glucose level . Women who plan to become pregnant should measure blood glucose in the following circumstances:
When the blood test shows high levels of sugar but something definitely
diagnosed diabetes, you should perform a blood glucose curve to be
sure. If the blood sugar curve is normal, you should make a new determination of blood glucose 32nd-33rd week of pregnancy.
Therefore, gestational diabetes can be diagnosed by a simple determination of blood glucose as a glucose curve both.
- If you have a family history of diabetes mellitus type 1 or 2.
- If you have previously given birth to a child over 4.5 kg.
- If you are overweight before pregnancy.
- If you have more than 35 years.
- If at any analysis blood it is detected in the urine.
Generally, when necessary insulin fast-acting insulin is used before meals, and slow-acting insulin at night. It is always important medical monitoring by a specialist.
- Gestational diabetes always requires treatment with diet.
- Sometimes it is also necessary to administer insulin to control blood glucose levels.
Gestational diabetes is treated only with insulin of any of the following types:
In gestational diabetes oral agents are never used (taken by mouth) in pill form.
- Rapid insulin or insulin crystal
- Lente insulin
- A mixture of both.
Maintaining a healthy diet with no animal fats and high in complex
carbohydrates or slow absorption (pasta, rice, vegetables ...) and fresh
vegetables and fruits.
The pregnant woman should frequently measure their blood glucose levels to monitor the effectiveness of treatment.
Call your specialist diabetes to manage their disease and the
gynecologist to monitor the progression of the child during pregnancy.
After pregnancy should continue annual checks to detect if diabetes appears again. The likelihood of developing diabetes later can be reduced by:
- Careful weight control preventing obesity
- Making a healthy diet
- Exercising regularly
- Avoiding snuff .
Poorly controlled diabetes during pregnancy entails serious risks for the newborn as:
For the mother, as already mentioned, it increases the risk of
subsequently developing diabetes mellitus type II, but during the same
pregnancy also increases the risk of hypertension and eclampsia (disease
of late pregnancy that causes high blood pressure low and seizures, and sets serious risk to the fetus and mother).
Appropriate medical management of diabetes in pregnancy dramatically reduces the associated risks.
- Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar after birth)
- Excessive birth weight with increased risks and complications during childbirth
- Increased risk of birth defects and other diseases.
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