Vaginal candidiasis or yeast
This is one of the most common vulvovaginitis. Approximately three quarters of women of childbearing age presented an episode of vulvovaginal mycosis.
Producers infectious agents of this condition are they fungi and the most common is Candida albicans.
The main symptom of this condition is itching or severe itching of the vulva and / or vagina. The characteristic is also increased vaginal discharge, which becomes thick with white lumps. You may also see redness and swelling of the vulva.
The treatment is very simple, with eggs and vaginal creams but
sometimes it also relies on oral treatment, especially in case of
recurrence or relapse of infection.
There are a number of factors that act to promote the development of this infection:
Although it is not a sexually transmitted infection, it is often
desirable to also treat the couple, especially if it is an infection
that has appeared in the past.
- The pregnancy
- Taking oral contraceptives
- Antibiotics, that act by removing bacteria , including lactobacilli
- Taking certain medications such as corticosteroids and immunosuppressants
- The use of synthetic underwear, tight pants, tampons, douches, etc.
It is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis.
The symptoms caused by this infection include intense itching and
vulvovaginal burning and abundant flow, "foamy", yellow-green.
Treatment is always done with Metronidazole, an antibiotic which is administered orally. We must always treat the sexual partner, since it is an infection that is transmitted through sexual intercourse.
It should also be noted that while this treatment is being performed
can not drink alcohol because this antibiotic can cause significant
adverse effects.
Bacterial vaginosis
It is caused by various bacteria, most notably the Gardnerella vaginalis.
This disease is very characteristic flow, which is usually abundant, homogenous, gray and fishy.
Although it is unclear if this is a sexually transmitted infection,
most experts recommend also the couple treat with an antibiotic.
Infectious Vulvovaginitis
They are caused by an infectious agent. The symptoms presented by the woman who suffers are:
The diagnosis, in many cases, the only gynecologist will establish the clinical examination and symptoms indicated by women.
The doctor may also use a simple test to make the diagnosis: conduct a "smear fresh";
It is placed on a slide (small glass) a sample of vaginal discharge
along with a few drops of saline and studied under the microscope,
allowing you to see the producer of the infection agent.
If this test is not the germ is identified, you can turn to perform a culture of the vaginal discharge.
Then we try the most common vulvovaginitis.
- Pruritus or itching in the external genitalia and / or vagina
- Increased vaginal discharge and alteration of their characteristics (color, smell ...), which vary with the causative agent of infection
- Redness of the vulvar and vaginal mucosa
- Burning or stinging sensation in the genitals
- Sometimes even urinary symptoms, such as frequent urination, burning with urination, etc.
Such vulvovaginitis is due to genital atrophy.
It appears in postmenopausal women and is caused by atrophy or thinning
of the vulvar and vaginal mucosa, caused by the lack of hormones called
estrogens. This thinned mucosa is more likely to have infections or irritations.
Vulvovaginitis irritant
The use of douches, deodorants, buffers, etc. It can cause vaginal itching or burning, or by an irritant action of its components or by allergic sensitivity to them.
In girls, foreign bodies in the vagina are especially hazardous because
through them you can enter organisms that infect the vagina, resulting
in a purulent vaginal discharge.
Vulvo-vaginitis
The IPV is an inflammation of the vulva and / or vagina and is one of the most common problems in the gynecologist's office.
Although, in general, are processes that are not serious, symptoms can be very annoying for women.
The vagina normally has an acid pH protects against infections. Those responsible for this are the lactobacilli pH acid (also called bacilli Döderlain); They come these lactobacilli colonize the intestine and the vagina into the fourth day of life of the child.
The IPV are classified according to the cause that leads into three groups:
Vulvar warts or warts
The genital warts are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). These viruses are usually transmitted sexually. Warts are usually located in the labia but can also appear around the anus.
They are usually single lesions or isolated but sometimes, especially
in immunocompromised patients or during pregnancy, they may coalesce
into plaques; in these cases they are called genital warts.
The treatment is topical, ie, applying a substance that burns injury. Liquid nitrogen or laser may also be used in lesions unresponsive to medical treatment.
We must always examine and treat sexual partners if this injury.
Bartholinitis
It is an infection of the Bartholin gland, which is located on both sides of the vagina in its lower portion, near the hymen.
Infection often causes obstruction gland duct, resulting in an accumulation of pus or abscess.
It is manifested by the appearance of a very painful at the bottom of one of the labia minora package.
Acute bartholinitis is treated with antibiotics, but if an abscess has
formed, further surgical treatment is necessary, opening and draining
it.
It is a process that tends to reproduce itself, so that women who have
had do not use synthetic underwear and avoid wearing tight clothing is
recommended.
Cervicitis
It is an infection of the cervix caused by different infectious agents,
of which we highlight two: the gonococcus and chlamydia.
It is manifested by secretion of an abundant flow of purulent or as mucus.
The importance of this infection germs is that producers can ascend
from the cervix to the fallopian tubes and uterine body, leading to
pelvic inflammatory disease, which is most acute.
Cervical infection (HPV or HPV) human papillomavirus
The human papilloma virus can cause an alteration of the cervical
cells, leading to the so-called cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN
English) precursor lesion of cervical cancer.
By severity they are classified as CIN I, the mildest form, CIN II and
CIN III in situ carcinoma, which correspond to the most severe form
before evolving to a cancer invader.
Currently there is already an HPV vaccine available in Spain. At the close of this article (May 2008) is not yet included in the official childhood immunization schedule , but is expected to be made soon.
It is a completely asymptomatic condition, ie, that does not cause any discomfort for women. Nor is it possible to diagnose with the clinical examination. The only way to diagnose it is by performing a cytology vaginal, wherein the cell disruption is checked.
The way of acquiring this infection is through sexual contact.
The treatment is usually surgical but depends on the progress of the disease at diagnosis.
No comments:
Post a Comment