Do pregnant women need to eat twice?
How much energy needs of women during pregnancy?
It is a widespread belief entirely erroneous and false.
The truth is that during pregnancy a woman should observe good
nutrition for two, because the growing baby gets all its nourishment
from the mother through the umbilical cord. If the mother has lack of some vitamins and nutrients, your baby will suffer from this lack.
If a woman has had trouble keeping your weight stable before pregnancy,
you can make a nutritional plan with the help of your doctor and / or
your midwife.
(Actually, talking of 'calorie' is inaccurate, as the correct term is
"kilocalorie" (kcal), which obviously is equivalent to 1,000 calories.)
- A woman who is not pregnant needs approximately 2,100 calories daily.
- A pregnant woman needs about 2,500 calories daily.
- A woman breastfeeds needs about 3,000 calories daily.
Balance diet
What kind of food should pregnant women take?
Do you follow a balanced diet? Take our test and find out.
Do you know about nutrition?
Check with this test your knowledge of supply: fattening and what does not.
Articles of interest - Staple foods : The food pyramid.
- The basic nutrients
See 'section Endocrinology and Nutrition 'to find comprehensive information on food.
She is pregnant?
Follow your pregnancy week by week: see when the heart begins to beat
the child, born when her nails or when the light perceived.
A well balanced diet must contain something from all the basic food groups: dairy products; fruits, vegetables, fish, meat, eggs, fats and carbohydrates. The pregnant woman needs to eat something from all these food groups every day to get the necessary amounts of energy. Approximately, your diet should be composed as follows, ideally:
- 10% of calories should come from protein. These are found mainly in meat, fish, eggs, dairy products and legumes.
- 35% of calories should come from fat. They are found mostly in butter, oil, margarine, dairy products and nuts.
- 55% of calories should come from carbohydrates. Is found in bread, pasta, potatoes, rice, corn and other cereals.
During the first three months of pregnancy (and preferably before becoming pregnant) a woman needs folic acid . Folic acid belongs to the group of B vitamins, and is also known as vitamin B9.
- It is important during pregnancy for the formation of the baby's nervous system.
- Folic acid can help prevent defects of the spine, such as spina bifida and other birth defects such as open cleft lip or palate.
- They are good natural sources of folic acid: barley, fruit, green vegetables, orange juice, lentils, peas and rice.
- It is recommended that all pregnant women take a daily supplement of 0.5 mg of folic acid every day for two months before conception and three months during pregnancy.
- If a woman has previously given birth to a child with a defect in the spine, the doses of the supplement is to be increased: 5mg. per day. You should discuss this with your family doctor.
During pregnancy, a woman's body needs more iron
than it produces normally, because it requires more blood to carry
nutrients to your child through the placenta, and because many of them
are used by the child himself in his developing.
- Good sources of iron vegetables such as broccoli and spinach, strawberries, muesli and wholemeal bread and mollusks (clams and mussels) and meats.
- It has to be noted that the iron is more readily absorbed when taken together with vitamin C as a supplement or as a whole or such citrus juice. Tea and coffee can interfere with iron absorption by the intestine.
- It is often recommended that all pregnant women take an iron supplement every day from the twentieth week of pregnancy. This is not necessary if a woman takes good nutrition, and routine blood test shows that you are not anemic.
- Iron supplements can cause constipation and are unsafe when they are not needed.
The minerals zinc and calcium are also required for embryonic development. However, you can typically get enough zinc and calcium by following a varied diet.
What other vitamins and minerals are essential during pregnancy? What foods should be avoided during pregnancy?
It is important to avoid too much vitamin A during pregnancy because it can cause damage to the embryo. Foods that contain large amounts of vitamin A can be taken only occasionally.
How to avoid constipation?
The constipation
during pregnancy may be due to hormonal changes that cause less bowel
movement, difficulty in bowel motility caused by the presence inside the
abdomen of the baby and iron treatments sometimes be prescribed.
- To avoid constipation, take foods rich in fiber like fruits (kiwis, plums, etc.), vegetables, bread or whole grains.
- Drink two or three liters of water a day will also help prevent constipation by keeping hydrated stool.
- The regular exercise will also help the bowel movement. Swimming or walking briskly (without reaching to force the pace) for twenty or thirty minutes two or three times a week is a good level of exercise.
It is considered normal to have won 10 to 12 kilos in late pregnancy.
For practical reasons the pregnancy is divided into three periods:
No need to obsess about weight during pregnancy.
Many obstetricians have stopped weighing women except on their first
visit, because the information is not relevant to detect problems with
the mother or the baby.
However, it is probably best to avoid excessive weight gain, since many
women want to return to the same dress size a few months after
delivery, in addition to the obesity mother if she becomes very intense, can cause complications in childbirth .
- First period runs from week of gestation 0 to 12, when normal gain of 1-2 kg.
- Second period: going from week 12 to the 28, where it is normal to gain 300 to 400 grams per week.
- Third period: going from week 28 to 40; in this period is normal gain of 1-3 kg per month.
- Birth weight: 3.5 kg
- Increased uterine weight: 1kg
- Placenta: 0.5 kg
- Amniotic fluid: 1kg
- Increasing weight of the breasts: 0.5 kg
- Increased maternal blood: 1.5 kg
- Increased maternal fat: 2 kg
- Increased water content in the mother: 2 kg
- Total: 12 kg.
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